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Chronic renal failure symptoms

What is the cause of chronic renal failure? What are the symptoms of chronic renal failure? First, the cause Chronic renal failure is extremely extensive, almost all the development of kidney disease can lead to deterioration of chronic renal failure. Acute renal failure without cure, a short period of time there is no death can also be a direct transition to chronic renal failure. The common reasons are described below: 1. Chronic glomerulonephritis progression to the late stage is the most common cause of chronic renal failure. 2. Interstitial nephritis (Interstitial Nephritis) is a group of mainly involving the renal interstitial and renal tubular disease, also known as tubulointerstitial nephropathy (Tubulo-Interstitia Nephropa-thy). Its complex causes, is a common clinical disease, accounting for Urinary system diseases of 25% to 33%, living in the second place of chronic renal failure. (1) infection: bacteria, viruses, mold, malaria parasite and other invasion of renal

What checks should children do IgA nephropathy?

Children with IgA nephropathy common examination: Common examination: urinary occult blood (BLD), urinary protein, circulating immune complex (CIC) First, urine test (1) hematuria: clinically about 40% to 45% of the patients showed gross or microscopic hematuria, 35% to 40% of patients with simple microscopic hematuria, or microscopic hematuria with a small amount of proteinuria. Naked eye hematuria can be sustained for several hours to several days, after the conversion to persistent microscopic hematuria, some patients can disappear, but often attack, the recurrence of nausea hematuria. (2) proteinuria: mild proteinuria, the general urine protein quantitative <1g / 24h, a small number of patients may be a large number of proteinuria and even nephrotic syndrome. 2, immunological examination (1) IgA increased: about 1/4 ~ l / 2 patients with elevated blood IgA, mainly increased the number of polymer IgA. (2) circulating immune complex: about 1/5 ~ 2/3 children with blo

How to prevent the kidney disease’s recidivation ? There are three disciplines and eight items of attention that need to be remember.

Kidney disease patients are most concerned about two matters: 1) How to reduce creatinine level? 2) How to make index do not rise again? Each patient’s treatment is different which depends on patient’s choice of hospital. However how to prevent the disease repeated after treatment, it nothing less than the following “three disciplines, eight items of attention.” Three Disciplines 1. Not Indiscriminate Use of Drugs Whether it is traditional Chinese medicine or Western medicine, both of them have some poisons. Most of drugs need to go through renal metabolism. If the drugs is too toxin to eat, it will not only cannot protect your kidney but also stimulus kidney and causes recidivation. When you can not certain whether the drugs you are taking have any risks, it is best to consult a professional kidney physician. Please do not trust the so-called secret recipe. 2. Don’t Reduce Drugs or Stop Drugs without Permission Many patients who take hormones find that index turns neg

Are nephrotic patients afraided of developing into uremia? Pay attention to these three points will not be.

Kidney disease awareness rate is only 1/10, which means that 90% of the patients do not know they are suffering from kidney disease. However, most of them are living very good. On the contrary, people who know they are suffering from kidney disease often feel alarmed. This thing seems to be wrong. When contracting with more patients, they will understand that the patients who do not know their condition are the same as normal people. However, these patients may enter into kidney failure or uremia more quickly due to long-term inattention . But even so, patients always feel alarmed are excessive. Although you have kidney disease, the body and kidney are both powerful. It’s powerful reflected in whenever you have a problem, your body will always give you a warm hint to make you do preparation in advance. There are always people who scare someone with very low probability of things. I believe that things are true, but it is not everyone should worry about it. In fact, people with

Kidney interpretation (2)

position The location of the kidney: the right kidney is on the second lumbar transverse process, the left is the first lumbar transverse process, the right kidney because the liver is slightly lower than the left kidney 1-2 cm. Normal kidney movements are within 1-2 cm range. The kidney is under the diaphragm, physical examination, in addition to the right kidney under the lower edge of the ribs palpable, the left kidney is not easy to touch. Kidney on both sides of the spine, close to the posterior wall, the peritoneal rear. Left lower extremity flat 11 thoracic lower edge, lower flat 2 lumbar lower edge. The right kidney is lower than the left kidney. Left side of the 12th rib oblique left after the middle of the left kidney, the right side of the 12th rib oblique the upper part of the right kidney. Clinically, the lateral spine of the erector spinae and the 12th ribs between the parts, known as the kidney area (rib waist point), when the kidney lesions, touch or tapping the are

Kidney interpretation(1)

  Kidney is an important organ of the human body, its basic function is to generate urine, in order to remove the body of metabolites and certain wastes, poison, while reabsorption through the retention of water and other useful substances such as glucose, protein, amino acids, sodium , Potassium ions, sodium bicarbonate, etc., to adjust the water, electrolyte balance and maintenance of acid-base balance. Kidney also endocrine function, resulting in renin, erythropoietin, active vitamin D3, prostaglandins, kinin, etc., but also for the body part of the endocrine hormone degradation sites and the target organ of extraperitoneal hormones. These functions of the kidney ensure the stability of the environment in the body, so that the metabolism can be carried out normally.        form        The kidneys are paired lentil-like organs, reddish-brown, located in the peritoneal spine on both sides of the shallow fossa. About 10-12 cm wide, 5-6 cm wide, thick 3-4 cm, weight 120-150 grams; t

Causes and prevention of acute and chronic glomerulonephritis

Induced acute and chronic glomerulonephritis Low resistance to the body. Female friends if there are systemic diseases such as diabetes, etc., but also easily lead to acute glomerulonephritis disease. Bladder - ureteral reflux. This refers to the urine when the urine from the bladder through the urethral return to the renal pelvis abnormalities, such as the bladder triangle and ureteral lower end of the muscle tension lower factors, is easy to induce infection. Kidney disease, such as glomerulonephritis, renal cysts, kidney tumors and chronic tubulointerstitial disease, can reduce the ability of local renal antibiotics. The cause of glomerulonephritis is associated with hematogenous infection. Bacteria invade the bloodstream from the inside of the body to the kidney to cause inflammation of the pyelonephritis. When the blood is infected, the bacteria first reach the renal cortex and form the majority of small abscesses there, Downstream spread to the kidney and the renal pelvis.

Identification of acute and chronic glomerulonephritis

1, the difference between acute and chronic glomerulonephritis clinical manifestations Chronic nephritis clinical manifestations are similar, but the pathological type and severity of lesions vary. According to the majority of glomerular major lesions, divided into mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, mesangial capillary glomerulonephritis, hyperplastic sclerosing glomerulonephritis. Acute glomerulonephritis clinical manifestations disappeared when the kidney can still have residual lesions, but sometimes glomerular fibrosis, and sometimes patients with urine routine examination is still found in protein and red blood cells, and biopsy found in the kidney diffuse inflammation Lesions have basically disappeared, only the residual lesions, the so-called "defective healing." 2, the difference between acute and chronic glomerulonephritis course of the disease Most chronic nephritis patients are unclear. A

Treatment of chronic nephritis

Treatment of chronic nephritis 1, carp 1, about 250 grams, caesarean section to the internal organs washed, into the garlic at the end of 10 grams, wrapped clean white paper, soaked with water, into the valley bran cooked. Fish garlic whole food, conditional one day. Applicable to chronic nephritis and malnutrition edema. 2, glutinous rice, Gorgon 30 grams, 10 ginkgo (peeled), porridge. 1 day service, 10 days for a course of treatment. This porridge has spleen and kidney, solid astringent convergence fine effect. 3, pig kidney 1, Codonopsis, Astragalus, Gorgon each 20 grams. The pig kidney cut open, to the fascia wash, and medicine were cooked soup. This applies to the recovery of chronic nephritis and spleen and kidney qi deficiency patients. 4, green head male duck 1, the amount of rice, light blue 3 stems. Will be green and white duck meat cut to very bad, and then add rice, light blue porridge, or duck soup porridge, warm food, 5 to 7 days for a course of treatment. This si

Chronic glomerulonephritis can be cured

1, chronic nephritis can be treated okay Glomerular nephritis so that many patients are very worried about, because the disease is often a recurrence of the phenomenon, the problem is the choice of patients with renal glomerulonephritis method has a great relationship, improper use of the method will lead to the disease The occurrence of the. Chronic glomerulonephritis is not terrible, and some can be cured (clinical remission), but it is difficult to cure; the most important thing is to protect the kidney function; try to control a lower urinary protein (24h urinary protein total <1.0g) Urine red blood cells 0-2 / HP; blood pressure control in the 90-120 / 60-80mmHg; attention to rest, prevention and timely treatment of infection. 2, chronic nephritis treatment program The treatment should be based on the situation to develop the program, whether to hospital will have to see other relevant indicators: If only a small amount of proteinuria (24 h urinary protein less than 1.0 g

Signs of renal failure

No matter who you are, people must be scared of getting kidney diseases. In order to get a better life, we should know the symptoms before we get the diseases. Taking prompt treatment when you notice the severe symptoms, you can get a better prognosis. Here are the 6 possible symptoms of getting kidney failure, if you have the following symptoms, you should pay attention: 1. Fatigue, lethargy, drowsiness 2. Reduced urine output 3. Swelling in face and lower legs 4. Anemia 5. Poor appetite 6. Skin itching, muscle cramps

Iga treatment should be cautious

Iga kidney disease is Western medicine diagnosis, but the clinical use of proprietary Chinese medicine treatment, a lot of proprietary Chinese medicine is to adapt to the TCM syndromes, and this manual also shows that some iga patients do not use proprietary Chinese medicine syndromes, although short-term But also easy to rebound, such as liver and kidney yin deficiency type iga kidney disease with spleen and kidney yang type chronic nephritis kidney disease proprietary Chinese medicines, indicators sometimes improve, but easy to repeat, often repeated times will increase the condition, so the treatment Iga nephropathy do not only control indicators, but also to know what is the type of chronic nephritis nephropathy. Many iga nephritis patients do not know what is the type of chronic nephritis nephropathy, and many times with anti, but increased the condition, iga kidney disease treatment is good, and normal people, if the treatment of anti , Will be uremic, and even kidney failure,

How should prevention of IgA nephropathy in children?

This article to you in detail about children with IgA nephropathy should be how to prevent, common prevention measures which. As well as children with IgA nephropathy should be how to care, children with IgA nephropathy common nursing methods and other aspects of what. How to prevent children with IgA nephropathy: First, the annual physical examination Adults should be checked once a year urine and renal function, if the urine routine examination of urine protein, serum creatinine increased, it should pay attention to find a specialist to do further examination. Chronic kidney disease, such as elderly people over 60 years of age, family members of chronic kidney disease, diabetes, gout, hyperuricemia and other metabolic diseases, hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, cancer, systemic infection , Urinary tract stones, urinary tract infection, urinary tract obstruction patients, a history of acute renal failure, decreased renal units (unilateral kidney or partial

Is linear IgA bullous skin disease going on?

This article to you in detail about the linear IgA bullous skin disease pathology, linear IgA bullous skin disease is mainly caused by what causes. First, the cause of linear IgA bullous skin disease First, the cause of the disease Etiology is not clear, and that the current autoimmune factors. Second, the pathogenesis Since the dermal binding of the basement membrane is linear IgA deposition, whereas IgA is secreted immunoglobulin, it has not yet been able to determine its origin. Indirect immunofluorescence found that circulating IgA antibody against basement membrane was located on the epidermis side of saline, and a few studies reported that the antigen was located on the dermal side, indicating that the target antigen of the disease may be more than one. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that there were three types of antibodies to the linear IgA skin disease, one deposited on the transparent plate, the other being deposited on the dense plate and below, and the third

What are the symptoms of IgA nephritis?

IgA nephritis Common symptoms: Small blood vessels fibrous necrosis, edema, fever, abdominal pain First, the symptoms The disease more common in older children and young people, men and women than 2: 1, often before the onset of upper respiratory tract infection incentives, but also by diarrhea, urinary tract infection induced reports. Clinical manifestations of diversity, from microscopic hematuria to nephrotic syndrome, can be the performance of the onset, the clinical phenotype can also change in the course of each other, but in the course of its clinical manifestations can change each other. 80% of children with IgA nephropathy with gross hematuria as the first symptom, North America and Europe, the incidence was higher than in Asia, often associated with upper respiratory tract infection (Berger disease); and upper respiratory tract infection interval is very short time (24 ~ 72h), even Hematuria occurs after a few hours. And some children with hematuria and proteinuri

What should I do with a linear IgA bullous skin disease?

Linear IgA bullous skin disease common examination: Common examination: immunopathological examination, serum immunoglobulin determination One, check Histopathology: lesions for the epidermal blisters, a large number of neutrophils along the basement membrane aggregation, often group in the dermal papilla, lymphocyte infiltration can be in the shallow dermis around the blood vessels. Some authors believe that the histopathology of the disease and herpes-like dermatitis is the difference between the less dermal papilla micro abscess and more diffuse basal membrane neutrophil infiltration, the vast majority of authors believe that histopathology IgA bullous dermatitis and herpes dermatitis are difficult to identify. Electron microscopy revealed that the blister was formed in the area under the transparent plate or dense plate. Direct immunofluorescence showed blister surrounding skin with homogeneous lamellar homogeneous linear IgA deposition, and some patients had IgM, IgG deposit

Chinese medicine teaches you to treat IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy treatment, the patient should be concerned in the daily life of more attention. In order to ensure the success of surgery, so that patients return to health as soon as possible, kidney disease experts recommend to choose the right treatment. ... Kidney is a particularly important part of human organs, is the body to exclude water, sodium, the main body organs, to maintain the balance of metabolism of the body, the kidney is also easy to cause disease-ridden, which iga kidney disease is more serious, then the patient should be how to treat IgA nephropathy? We asked the kidney disease experts to answer the majority of patients For patients should be how to treat IgA nephropathy? Nephropathy that patients in the treatment of IgA nephropathy should be done a few points. 1, the patient should try not to cold. Cold will make patients in varying degrees of some inflammation, so that the patient's physical weakness, which is likely to aggravate IgA nephropathy, so fo

What should be done in the epidermis of neutrophilic IgA skin disease?

Epidermal neutrophils IgA skin disease common examination: Common examination: immunoglobulin A, immunopathological examination, cell histochemical staining, skin smear microscopy One, check Histopathology: neutrophil extravasation, in some true epidermal junction, neutrophils arranged in a line, and then can form micro-abscess within the epidermis, no spine eruption formation. Direct immunofluorescence examination showed intercellular IgA deposition, basal cell layer also mildly stained, no circulating autoantibody. The above is for the epidermis of neutrophilic IgA skin disease should do what the relevant aspects of the relevant description of the following look at the epidermis of neutrophilic IgA skin disease should be how to identify the diagnosis of epidermal neutrophils IgA skin disease easily confused disease. How does the epidermal neutrophil IgA skin disease identify? : One, identification There is currently no description of the content. The above content i

Selective IgA deficiency how to treat

Most do not need treatment. If respiratory infections, gastrointestinal symptoms, allergic reactions and autoimmune diseases should be dealt with accordingly. Γ-globulin preparation contains only a small amount of IgA, it can not selectively replace IgA; In addition, IgA from the mucosal surface local production, systemic administration of IgA may not be able to reach the desired site of action, and repeated input prone to allergic reactions. Therefore, generally do not use gamma globulin treatment. This formulation is effective only if there is a serious infection and accompanied by an IgG2 deficiency. A small number of IgA deficiency can spontaneously relieve. ... Most do not need treatment. If respiratory infections, gastrointestinal symptoms, allergic reactions and autoimmune diseases should be dealt with accordingly. Γ-globulin preparation contains only a small amount of IgA, it can not selectively replace IgA; In addition, IgA from the mucosal surface local production, systemi

What is IgE nephropathy in children?

First, the cause of IgA nephropathy in children First, the cause of the disease The cause is not very clear, and a variety of factors. Most scholars believe that this disease is containing IgA circulating immune complex in the kidney deposition and disease. Antigens in the complex may be associated with certain components of the virus, bacteria, or food that are infected with the respiratory tract or gastrointestinal mucosa. Second, the pathogenesis IgA nephropathy is an immune complex nephritis due to the deposition of IgA, C3 and / or IgA, IgG in renal tissue. The pathogenesis is IgA, which is closely related to IgA immune abnormality. At present, the study has deepened into IgA molecular structure Level. (1) the structure and characteristics of immunoglobulin A: IgA is an important immunoglobulin, accounting for about 15.2% of total serum immunoglobulin, 80% of serum IgA is a single form of four chains, monomer The connection between the disulfide bond and the J chain is

Treatment of IgA nephropathy requires a long way to go

In the case of corpse kidney transplantation, the survival rate of transplanted kidneys was up to 87% and 77% in 1 year and 3 years. However, IgA renal transplant recipients with IgA antibodies with anti-HLA antigens alone had a survival rate of 100% It is reasonable to assume that these anti-HLA antigens have a beneficial effect on increasing graft survival. ... So far, the disease is not satisfied with the treatment program. The use of adrenal cortical hormone with or without immunosuppressive agents in patients with progressive renal dysfunction is not consistent. Recent data suggest that more than 1 g / d of proteinuria, the application of the next day the application of adrenal cortex hormones on the improvement of proteinuria beneficial. Small IgA nephropathy with IgA deposition may alleviate proteinuria. Combined with cyclophosphamide, dipyridamole and Huafu Lin can reduce proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate had no effect; combined with cyclosporine A can also reduce pr

Brief introduction of IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy Note: 1, work and rest Due to overwork, vigorous exercise, often can increase hematuria, it should be a living section, pay attention to bed rest, moderate exercise, to prevent staying up late, fatigue and strenuous exercise. 2, prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases Active elimination of susceptibility and predisposing factors, such as upper respiratory tract, skin, intestinal tract, urinary tract infection, radical sore boils, fungal infections, repeated by tonsillitis induced hematuria, feasible tonsillectomy, children foreskin should be timely Ring cut. Once there is inflammation, active treatment. 3, the spirit of nursed back to health All patients with hematuria, have varying degrees of mental stress, depression and pessimism. Therefore, in daily life, we must always pay attention to words and deeds, panic, high call, etc. will increase the patient's anxiety and fear, so the spirit of nursed back to health is particularly important. As f

IgA nephropathy in patients with medication principles

Many patients with IgA nephropathy will use some drugs to carry out physical regulation, so as to achieve IgA nephropathy treatment and health care. But if the medication properly, it is easy to bring very serious harm to patients, so for patients, should follow a certain principle of medication, we will introduce the following principles of treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy. Hope to help the patient. Nephropathy experts pointed out that IgA nephropathy in patients with the following principles. First, for patients with IgA nephropathy, should be a reasonable medication. When the emergence of infectious diseases, antibiotics in the selection of anti-infection at the same time, should strive to surgical resection of pathogens, such as tonsillitis, rotten teeth. IgA nephropathy severe acute urinary renal failure with gross hematuria, renal biopsy prompted most of the glomerular crescent formation before the use of drugs. IgA nephropathy traditional Chinese medicine has a u

Treatment of IgA Nephropathy by Traditional Chinese Medicine

In the iga kidney disease treatment process, Western medicine routine use of hormones, immunosuppressive agents and other treatment, IgA nephropathy can be the symptoms of urine protein removal, but this method can not improve the renal function of the injury. More and more treatment of IgA nephropathy tend to treat Chinese medicine. ... Iga nephropathy is primary glomerular disease. In the iga kidney disease treatment process, Western medicine routine use of hormones, immunosuppressive agents and other treatment, IgA nephropathy can be the symptoms of urine protein removal, but this method can not improve the renal function of the injury. More and more treatment of IgA nephropathy tend to treat Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine treatment iga kidney disease has been recognized by most people, Chinese medicine has played a cure for kidney disease cure. On the treatment of IgA nephropathy, with the following effects of many effects - 1, heat and cooling blood: IgA kidney disease w

See IgA nephritis is not terrible

IgA nephritis, clinical also known as "Berger disease", "IgA mesangial nephritis", for our country's most common primary glomerular disease, accounting for about one-third of primary glomerulonephritis. ... What is IgA nephritis? IgA nephritis, clinical also known as "Berger disease", "IgA mesangial nephritis", for our most common primary glomerular disease, accounting for about one-third of primary glomerulonephritis. IgA nephritis nephropathy in patients with renal mesangial area extensive deposition of IgA, IGG immune complex, resulting in increased mesangial cells, mesangial stromal hyperplasia, hence the name of the above-mentioned IgA nephritis pathology seen by the pathology, so by renal puncture Biopsy can be diagnosed with IgA nephritis. IgA nephritis more common in children and young people, 30 years of age IgA nephritis patients account for about 80% of the total incidence, and male to female ratio of 2: 1. What are the c

Urine should beware of IgA nephropathy

Although the prognosis of IgA nephropathy is good, will not have a great impact on renal function, but after long-term study found that 10% of IgA nephropathy patients will show chronic progress, and gradually developed into end-stage renal failure. ... Wang is less than 30 years old this year, is a company white-collar workers. Not long ago he had a cold, had thought that no serious, but found the hematuria, to the hospital to check down, diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. In the past, had a good prognosis of IgA nephropathy, renal function will not have a great impact, but after long-term study found that 10% of IgA nephropathy patients will show chronic progress, and gradually developed into end-stage renal failure The Therefore, we should attach great importance to the regular diagnosis and treatment of IgA nephropathy. How early detection of IgA nephropathy Young people have the following symptoms: urine changes, urine foam increased and difficult to spread, high blood pre

Treatment of IgA Nephropathy by Traditional Chinese Medicine

In the iga kidney disease treatment process, Western medicine routine use of hormones, immunosuppressive agents and other treatment, IgA nephropathy can be the symptoms of urine protein removal, but this method can not improve the renal function of the injury. More and more treatment of IgA nephropathy tend to treat Chinese medicine. ... Iga nephropathy is primary glomerular disease. In the iga kidney disease treatment process, Western medicine routine use of hormones, immunosuppressive agents and other treatment, IgA nephropathy can be the symptoms of urine protein removal, but this method can not improve the renal function of the injury. More and more treatment of IgA nephropathy tend to treat Chinese medicine. Chinese medicine treatment iga kidney disease has been recognized by most people, Chinese medicine has played a cure for kidney disease cure. On the treatment of IgA nephropathy, with the following effects of many effects - 1, heat and cooling blood: IgA kidney disease wh

IgA nephritis and differential diagnosis of four diseases

Four diseases and children with IgA nephropathy to make a differential diagnosis, so as not to confuse the disease, misdiagnosis, mistaken treatment, thus endangering the health of children, and even life safety. ... In the differential diagnosis of IgA nephropathy in children, one thing is the need for special attention, namely: children with IgA nephropathy in the disease should be differentiated with the diagnosis of four diseases, the specific differential diagnosis is as follows: 1. Children with IgA nephropathy and purpura nephritis differential diagnosis: Purpura nephritis, although also to hematuria as the main performance, but can be based on the history of allergic purpura to be identified. If necessary, can be diagnosed by renal biopsy. 2. Children with IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis differential diagnosis: Lupus nephritis manifested as microscopic or gross hematuria, often accompanied by multiple system involvement performance. By check blood complement C3, a

IgA nephropathy is more traditional treatment

The treatment of iga nephropathy is a concern for many patients. The following for the treatment of IGA nephropathy related analysis to explain. ... The treatment of iga nephropathy is a concern for many patients. The following for the treatment of IGA nephropathy related analysis to explain. Mainly on the traditional treatment of IGA nephropathy: Solve the table Quxie IgA nephropathy is often due to acute exogenous wind-heat evil induced, relieving heat treatment should, eliminate evil in the table, so that the table positive security solutions, the disease alleviated curbed. Righteousness IgA nephropathy in remission primarily yang heat, burns context, or Qi is not solid, it is the key to the pathogenesis of this disease. Even if induced by exogenous, positive factors can not be ignored. IgA nephropathy in the whole process of treatment, always to solid righteousness, in particular, pay attention to Ziyin heat, kidney and spleen. Only spleen and kidney full, virtual heat

IgA nephropathy in patients with edema causes

  IgA nephropathy is a group of multiple causes of chronic glomerular disease with the same immunopathological features. Clinical about 40% ~ 45% of the patients showed gross or microscopic hematuria, 35% ~ 40% of patients showed microscopic hematuria with proteinuria, the rest showed nephrotic syndrome and renal failure. ... IgA nephropathy is a group of multiple causes of chronic glomerular disease with the same immunopathological features. Clinical about 40% ~ 45% of the patients showed gross or microscopic hematuria, 35% ~ 40% of patients showed microscopic hematuria with proteinuria, the rest showed nephrotic syndrome and renal failure. IgA nephropathy is a common worldwide glomerular disease, and the prevalence of IgA nephropathy varies widely in different continents, in different countries or in different regions of a country, such as Asia, Japan, Singapore, IgA nephropathy 50% of primary glomerular disease, while the western United States only 2% of the Indian low incidence